Pb
Lead is a Post-Transition element with the symbol Pb and atomic number 82. Located in period 6, group 14 (p-block), it has an atomic weight of 207.2 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. Known since ancient by Known to ancients. Lead has an electron configuration of [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p² with 6 electron shells containing 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: car batteries, radiation shielding, ammunition, weights.
铅是一种后过渡金属元素，符号为Pb，原子序数为82。位于第6周期，第14族（p区），原子量为207.2 u，在标准温度和压力下为固体。自古以来即为人类所知，由Known to ancients发现。铅的电子排布为[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p²，具有6个电子层，分别含有2、8、18、32、18、4个电子。常见用途包括：汽车电池，辐射屏蔽，弹药，配重。
Basic Properties基本属性
- Atomic Number原子序数
- 82
- Atomic Weight原子量
- 207.2 u
- Category分类
- Post-Transition后过渡金属
- State at STP标准状态
- Solid固体
- Period周期
- 6
- Group族
- 14
- Block区
- p-blockp区
Physical Properties物理性质
- Melting Point熔点
- +327.46°C
- Boiling Point沸点
- +1749°C
- Density密度
- 11.34 g/cm³
- Crystal Structure晶体结构
- Face-Centered Cubic (FCC)面心立方
- Atomic Radius原子半径
- 154 pm
- Ionic Radius离子半径
- 119 pm
- Electronegativity电负性
- 2.33
Electron Configuration电子排布
- Config电子构型
- [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p²
- Shells电子层
- 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4
- Oxidation States氧化态
- +2, +4
Electron Shells电子层结构
Discovery发现历史
- Year年份
- Ancient古代
- Discoverer发现者
- Known to ancients
- Country国家
- ——
Uses & Applications用途
Car batteries, radiation shielding, ammunition, weights
汽车电池，辐射屏蔽，弹药，配重
Common Compounds常见化合物
—
—
Room Temperature常温特性
gray metallic
灰色金属光泽
Did You Know? 你知道吗？
The name Lead comes from Pb and it was known since ancient times.
铅的名称来源于其符号Pb，自古以来即为人类所知。
Memory Aid记忆口诀
Heavy and dense, shields radiation
防辐射的古老金属
Appearance外观
gray metallic
灰色金属光泽
Safety Information安全须知
- Toxic — avoid inhalation of dust or fumes. Chronic exposure may cause serious health effects.
- 有毒——避免吸入粉尘或烟雾。长期接触可能导致严重健康影响。