Lanthanum is a Lanthanides element with the symbol La and atomic number 57. Located in period 6, group 3 (f-block), it has an atomic weight of 138.91 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1839 by Carl Gustaf Mosander in Sweden. Lanthanum has an electron configuration of [Xe] 5d¹ 6s² with 6 electron shells containing 2, 8, 18, 18, 9, 2 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: camera lenses, hydrogen storage, flint lighters.

镧是一种镧系元素元素,符号为La,原子序数为57。位于第6周期,第3族(f区),原子量为138.91 u,在标准温度和压力下为固体。于1839 年首次被确认,由Carl Gustaf Mosander发现。镧的电子排布为[Xe] 5d¹ 6s²,具有6个电子层,分别含有2、8、18、18、9、2个电子。常见用途包括:相机镜头,储氢,打火石。

Basic Properties基本属性

Atomic Number原子序数
57
Atomic Weight原子量
138.91 u
Category分类
Lanthanides镧系元素
State at STP标准状态
Solid固体
Period周期
6
Group
3
Block
f-blockf区

Physical Properties物理性质

Melting Point熔点
+918°C
Boiling Point沸点
+3464°C
Density密度
6.14 g/cm³
Crystal Structure晶体结构
Hexagonal Close-Packed (HCP)六方密堆积
Atomic Radius原子半径
187 pm
Ionic Radius离子半径
103 pm
Electronegativity电负性
1.1

Electron Configuration电子排布

Config电子构型
[Xe] 5d¹ 6s²
Shells电子层
2, 8, 18, 18, 9, 2
Oxidation States氧化态
+3

Electron Shells电子层结构

2e⁻
8e⁻
18e⁻
18e⁻
9e⁻
2e⁻

Discovery发现历史

Year年份
18391839 年
Discoverer发现者
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Country国家
Sweden瑞典

Uses & Applications用途

Camera lenses, hydrogen storage, flint lighters

相机镜头,储氢,打火石

Common Compounds常见化合物

Room Temperature常温特性

silvery white

银白色

Did You Know? 你知道吗?

The name Lanthanum comes from La and it was first identified in 1839.

镧的名称来源于其符号La,于1839年首次被确认。

Memory Aid记忆口诀

First of the lanthanide series

镧系元素之首

Appearance外观

silvery white

银白色

Safety Information安全须知

  • Handle with standard laboratory precautions. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed handling instructions.
  • 按照标准实验室预防措施处理。详细操作说明请参阅安全数据表(SDS)。

Related Elements (Same Group 3)相关元素(同第3族)

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