Scandium is a Transition Metals element with the symbol Sc and atomic number 21. Located in period 4, group 3 (d-block), it has an atomic weight of 44.956 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1879 by Lars Fredrik Nilson in Sweden. Scandium has an electron configuration of [Ar] 3d¹ 4s² with 4 electron shells containing 2, 8, 9, 2 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: aerospace alloys, stadium lights, sports equipment.

钪是一种过渡金属元素,符号为Sc,原子序数为21。位于第4周期,第3族(d区),原子量为44.956 u,在标准温度和压力下为固体。于1879 年首次被确认,由Lars Fredrik Nilson发现。钪的电子排布为[Ar] 3d¹ 4s²,具有4个电子层,分别含有2、8、9、2个电子。常见用途包括:航空航天合金,体育场灯光,运动器材。

Basic Properties基本属性

Atomic Number原子序数
21
Atomic Weight原子量
44.956 u
Category分类
Transition Metals过渡金属
State at STP标准状态
Solid固体
Period周期
4
Group
3
Block
d-blockd区

Physical Properties物理性质

Melting Point熔点
+1541°C
Boiling Point沸点
+2836°C
Density密度
2.99 g/cm³
Crystal Structure晶体结构
Hexagonal Close-Packed (HCP)六方密堆积
Atomic Radius原子半径
184 pm
Ionic Radius离子半径
75 pm
Electronegativity电负性
1.36

Electron Configuration电子排布

Config电子构型
[Ar] 3d¹ 4s²
Shells电子层
2, 8, 9, 2
Oxidation States氧化态
+3

Electron Shells电子层结构

2e⁻
8e⁻
9e⁻
2e⁻

Discovery发现历史

Year年份
18791879 年
Discoverer发现者
Lars Fredrik Nilson
Country国家
Sweden瑞典

Uses & Applications用途

Aerospace alloys, stadium lights, sports equipment

航空航天合金,体育场灯光,运动器材

Common Compounds常见化合物

Room Temperature常温特性

silvery white

银白色

Did You Know? 你知道吗?

The name Scandium comes from Sc and it was first identified in 1879.

钪的名称来源于其符号Sc,于1879年首次被确认。

Memory Aid记忆口诀

Rare metal for high-end sports gear

高端运动器材合金

Appearance外观

silvery white

银白色

Safety Information安全须知

  • Handle with standard laboratory precautions. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed handling instructions.
  • 按照标准实验室预防措施处理。详细操作说明请参阅安全数据表(SDS)。

Related Elements (Same Group 3)相关元素(同第3族)

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