Indium is a Post-Transition element with the symbol In and atomic number 49. Located in period 5, group 13 (p-block), it has an atomic weight of 114.82 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1863 by Ferdinand Reich in Germany. Indium has an electron configuration of [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p¹ with 5 electron shells containing 2, 8, 18, 18, 3 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: touch screens, lcd displays, solders, leds.

铟是一种后过渡金属元素,符号为In,原子序数为49。位于第5周期,第13族(p区),原子量为114.82 u,在标准温度和压力下为固体。于1863 年首次被确认,由Ferdinand Reich发现。铟的电子排布为[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p¹,具有5个电子层,分别含有2、8、18、18、3个电子。常见用途包括:触摸屏,LCD显示器,焊料,LED。

Basic Properties基本属性

Atomic Number原子序数
49
Atomic Weight原子量
114.82 u
Category分类
Post-Transition后过渡金属
State at STP标准状态
Solid固体
Period周期
5
Group
13
Block
p-blockp区

Physical Properties物理性质

Melting Point熔点
+156.6°C
Boiling Point沸点
+2072°C
Density密度
7.31 g/cm³
Crystal Structure晶体结构
Tetragonal四方晶系
Atomic Radius原子半径
156 pm
Ionic Radius离子半径
80 pm
Electronegativity电负性
1.78

Electron Configuration电子排布

Config电子构型
[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p¹
Shells电子层
2, 8, 18, 18, 3
Oxidation States氧化态
+3

Electron Shells电子层结构

2e⁻
8e⁻
18e⁻
18e⁻
3e⁻

Discovery发现历史

Year年份
18631863 年
Discoverer发现者
Ferdinand Reich
Country国家
Germany德国

Uses & Applications用途

Touch screens, LCD displays, solders, LEDs

触摸屏,LCD显示器,焊料,LED

Common Compounds常见化合物

Room Temperature常温特性

silvery lustrous gray

银亮灰色

Did You Know? 你知道吗?

The name Indium comes from In and it was first identified in 1863.

铟的名称来源于其符号In,于1863年首次被确认。

Memory Aid记忆口诀

触摸屏的关键材料

Appearance外观

silvery lustrous gray

银亮灰色

Safety Information安全须知

  • Handle with standard laboratory precautions. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed handling instructions.
  • 按照标准实验室预防措施处理。详细操作说明请参阅安全数据表(SDS)。

Related Elements (Same Group 13)相关元素(同第13族)

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Compare Elements元素对比

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