Rb
Rubidium is a Alkali Metals element with the symbol Rb and atomic number 37. Located in period 5, group 1 (s-block), it has an atomic weight of 85.468 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1861 by Robert Bunsen in Germany. Rubidium has an electron configuration of [Kr] 5s¹ with 5 electron shells containing 2, 8, 18, 8, 1 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: atomic clocks, fireworks, research, glass.
铷是一种碱金属元素，符号为Rb，原子序数为37。位于第5周期，第1族（s区），原子量为85.468 u，在标准温度和压力下为固体。于1861 年首次被确认，由Robert Bunsen发现。铷的电子排布为[Kr] 5s¹，具有5个电子层，分别含有2、8、18、8、1个电子。常见用途包括：原子钟，烟花，研究，玻璃。
Basic Properties基本属性
- Atomic Number原子序数
- 37
- Atomic Weight原子量
- 85.468 u
- Category分类
- Alkali Metals碱金属
- State at STP标准状态
- Solid固体
- Period周期
- 5
- Group族
- 1
- Block区
- s-blocks区
Physical Properties物理性质
- Melting Point熔点
- +39.31°C
- Boiling Point沸点
- +688°C
- Density密度
- 1.53 g/cm³
- Crystal Structure晶体结构
- Body-Centered Cubic (BCC)体心立方
- Atomic Radius原子半径
- 265 pm
- Ionic Radius离子半径
- 152 pm
- Electronegativity电负性
- 0.82
Electron Configuration电子排布
- Config电子构型
- [Kr] 5s¹
- Shells电子层
- 2, 8, 18, 8, 1
- Oxidation States氧化态
- +1
Electron Shells电子层结构
Discovery发现历史
- Year年份
- 18611861 年
- Discoverer发现者
- Robert Bunsen
- Country国家
- Germany德国
Uses & Applications用途
Atomic clocks, fireworks, research, glass
原子钟，烟花，研究，玻璃
Common Compounds常见化合物
—
—
Room Temperature常温特性
silvery white
银白色
Did You Know? 你知道吗？
The name Rubidium comes from Rb and it was first identified in 1861.
铷的名称来源于其符号Rb，于1861年首次被确认。
Memory Aid记忆口诀
Highly reactive, named for its red spectrum lines
原子钟的核心
Appearance外观
silvery white
银白色
Safety Information安全须知
- Extremely reactive with water — store under mineral oil. Can cause fire or explosion on water contact.
- 与水极度反应——储存于矿物油中。遇水可引发火灾或爆炸。