Nb
Niobium is a Transition Metals element with the symbol Nb and atomic number 41. Located in period 5, group 5 (d-block), it has an atomic weight of 92.906 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1801 by Charles Hatchett in England. Niobium has an electron configuration of [Kr] 4d⁴ 5s¹ with 5 electron shells containing 2, 8, 18, 12, 1 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: superconducting magnets, steel alloys, jewelry.
铌是一种过渡金属元素,符号为Nb,原子序数为41。位于第5周期,第5族(d区),原子量为92.906 u,在标准温度和压力下为固体。于1801 年首次被确认,由Charles Hatchett发现。铌的电子排布为[Kr] 4d⁴ 5s¹,具有5个电子层,分别含有2、8、18、12、1个电子。常见用途包括:超导磁体,钢合金,珠宝。
Basic Properties基本属性
- Atomic Number原子序数
- 41
- Atomic Weight原子量
- 92.906 u
- Category分类
- Transition Metals过渡金属
- State at STP标准状态
- Solid固体
- Period周期
- 5
- Group族
- 5
- Block区
- d-blockd区
Physical Properties物理性质
- Melting Point熔点
- +2477°C
- Boiling Point沸点
- +4744°C
- Density密度
- 8.57 g/cm³
- Crystal Structure晶体结构
- Body-Centered Cubic (BCC)体心立方
- Atomic Radius原子半径
- 198 pm
- Ionic Radius离子半径
- 64 pm
- Electronegativity电负性
- 1.6
Electron Configuration电子排布
- Config电子构型
- [Kr] 4d⁴ 5s¹
- Shells电子层
- 2, 8, 18, 12, 1
- Oxidation States氧化态
- +2, +3, +4, +5
Electron Shells电子层结构
Discovery发现历史
- Year年份
- 18011801 年
- Discoverer发现者
- Charles Hatchett
- Country国家
- England英国
Uses & Applications用途
Superconducting magnets, steel alloys, jewelry
超导磁体,钢合金,珠宝
Common Compounds常见化合物
—
—
Room Temperature常温特性
gray metallic
灰色金属光泽
Did You Know? 你知道吗?
The name Niobium comes from Nb and it was first identified in 1801.
铌的名称来源于其符号Nb,于1801年首次被确认。
Memory Aid记忆口诀
Used in MRI magnets
超导磁体材料
Appearance外观
gray metallic
灰色金属光泽
Safety Information安全须知
- Handle with standard laboratory precautions. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed handling instructions.
- 按照标准实验室预防措施处理。详细操作说明请参阅安全数据表(SDS)。