Cd
Cadmium is a Transition Metals element with the symbol Cd and atomic number 48. Located in period 5, group 12 (d-block), it has an atomic weight of 112.41 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1817 by Friedrich Stromeyer in Germany. Cadmium has an electron configuration of [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² with 5 electron shells containing 2, 8, 18, 18, 2 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: batteries, pigments, solar cells, nuclear control rods.
镉是一种过渡金属元素,符号为Cd,原子序数为48。位于第5周期,第12族(d区),原子量为112.41 u,在标准温度和压力下为固体。于1817 年首次被确认,由Friedrich Stromeyer发现。镉的电子排布为[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s²,具有5个电子层,分别含有2、8、18、18、2个电子。常见用途包括:电池,颜料,太阳能电池,核控制棒。
Basic Properties基本属性
- Atomic Number原子序数
- 48
- Atomic Weight原子量
- 112.41 u
- Category分类
- Transition Metals过渡金属
- State at STP标准状态
- Solid固体
- Period周期
- 5
- Group族
- 12
- Block区
- d-blockd区
Physical Properties物理性质
- Melting Point熔点
- +321.07°C
- Boiling Point沸点
- +767°C
- Density密度
- 8.69 g/cm³
- Crystal Structure晶体结构
- Hexagonal Close-Packed (HCP)六方密堆积
- Atomic Radius原子半径
- 161 pm
- Ionic Radius离子半径
- 95 pm
- Electronegativity电负性
- 1.69
Electron Configuration电子排布
- Config电子构型
- [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s²
- Shells电子层
- 2, 8, 18, 18, 2
- Oxidation States氧化态
- +2
Electron Shells电子层结构
Discovery发现历史
- Year年份
- 18171817 年
- Discoverer发现者
- Friedrich Stromeyer
- Country国家
- Germany德国
Uses & Applications用途
Batteries, pigments, solar cells, nuclear control rods
电池,颜料,太阳能电池,核控制棒
Common Compounds常见化合物
—
—
Room Temperature常温特性
bluish-silver
蓝银色
Did You Know? 你知道吗?
The name Cadmium comes from Cd and it was first identified in 1817.
镉的名称来源于其符号Cd,于1817年首次被确认。
Memory Aid记忆口诀
Toxic metal, handle with care
有毒重金属
Appearance外观
bluish-silver
蓝银色
Safety Information安全须知
- Toxic — avoid inhalation of dust or fumes. Chronic exposure may cause serious health effects.
- 有毒——避免吸入粉尘或烟雾。长期接触可能导致严重健康影响。