Zr
Zirconium is a Transition Metals element with the symbol Zr and atomic number 40. Located in period 5, group 4 (d-block), it has an atomic weight of 91.224 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1789 by Martin Heinrich Klaproth in Germany. Zirconium has an electron configuration of [Kr] 4d² 5s² with 5 electron shells containing 2, 8, 18, 10, 2 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: nuclear reactors, fake diamonds (cz), ceramics.
锆是一种过渡金属元素,符号为Zr,原子序数为40。位于第5周期,第4族(d区),原子量为91.224 u,在标准温度和压力下为固体。于1789 年首次被确认,由Martin Heinrich Klaproth发现。锆的电子排布为[Kr] 4d² 5s²,具有5个电子层,分别含有2、8、18、10、2个电子。常见用途包括:核反应堆,人造钻石(CZ),陶瓷。
Basic Properties基本属性
- Atomic Number原子序数
- 40
- Atomic Weight原子量
- 91.224 u
- Category分类
- Transition Metals过渡金属
- State at STP标准状态
- Solid固体
- Period周期
- 5
- Group族
- 4
- Block区
- d-blockd区
Physical Properties物理性质
- Melting Point熔点
- +1855°C
- Boiling Point沸点
- +4409°C
- Density密度
- 6.51 g/cm³
- Crystal Structure晶体结构
- Hexagonal Close-Packed (HCP)六方密堆积
- Atomic Radius原子半径
- 206 pm
- Ionic Radius离子半径
- 72 pm
- Electronegativity电负性
- 1.33
Electron Configuration电子排布
- Config电子构型
- [Kr] 4d² 5s²
- Shells电子层
- 2, 8, 18, 10, 2
- Oxidation States氧化态
- +2, +3, +4
Electron Shells电子层结构
Discovery发现历史
- Year年份
- 17891789 年
- Discoverer发现者
- Martin Heinrich Klaproth
- Country国家
- Germany德国
Uses & Applications用途
Nuclear reactors, fake diamonds (CZ), ceramics
核反应堆,人造钻石(CZ),陶瓷
Common Compounds常见化合物
—
—
Room Temperature常温特性
silvery white
银白色
Did You Know? 你知道吗?
The name Zirconium comes from Zr and it was first identified in 1789.
锆的名称来源于其符号Zr,于1789年首次被确认。
Memory Aid记忆口诀
Fake diamonds are zirconia
立方氧化锆仿钻石
Appearance外观
silvery white
银白色
Safety Information安全须知
- Handle with standard laboratory precautions. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed handling instructions.
- 按照标准实验室预防措施处理。详细操作说明请参阅安全数据表(SDS)。