Yttrium is a Transition Metals element with the symbol Y and atomic number 39. Located in period 5, group 3 (d-block), it has an atomic weight of 88.906 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1794 by Johan Gadolin in Finland. Yttrium has an electron configuration of [Kr] 4d¹ 5s² with 5 electron shells containing 2, 8, 18, 9, 2 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: led phosphors, lasers, superconductors, ceramics.

钇是一种过渡金属元素,符号为Y,原子序数为39。位于第5周期,第3族(d区),原子量为88.906 u,在标准温度和压力下为固体。于1794 年首次被确认,由Johan Gadolin发现。钇的电子排布为[Kr] 4d¹ 5s²,具有5个电子层,分别含有2、8、18、9、2个电子。常见用途包括:LED荧光粉,激光,超导体,陶瓷。

Basic Properties基本属性

Atomic Number原子序数
39
Atomic Weight原子量
88.906 u
Category分类
Transition Metals过渡金属
State at STP标准状态
Solid固体
Period周期
5
Group
3
Block
d-blockd区

Physical Properties物理性质

Melting Point熔点
+1522°C
Boiling Point沸点
+3345°C
Density密度
4.47 g/cm³
Crystal Structure晶体结构
Hexagonal Close-Packed (HCP)六方密堆积
Atomic Radius原子半径
212 pm
Ionic Radius离子半径
90 pm
Electronegativity电负性
1.22

Electron Configuration电子排布

Config电子构型
[Kr] 4d¹ 5s²
Shells电子层
2, 8, 18, 9, 2
Oxidation States氧化态
+3

Electron Shells电子层结构

2e⁻
8e⁻
18e⁻
9e⁻
2e⁻

Discovery发现历史

Year年份
17941794 年
Discoverer发现者
Johan Gadolin
Country国家
Finland芬兰

Uses & Applications用途

LED phosphors, lasers, superconductors, ceramics

LED荧光粉,激光,超导体,陶瓷

Common Compounds常见化合物

Room Temperature常温特性

silvery white

银白色

Did You Know? 你知道吗?

The name Yttrium comes from Y and it was first identified in 1794.

钇的名称来源于其符号Y,于1794年首次被确认。

Memory Aid记忆口诀

Red phosphor in old TV screens

老电视红色荧光粉

Appearance外观

silvery white

银白色

Safety Information安全须知

  • Handle with standard laboratory precautions. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed handling instructions.
  • 按照标准实验室预防措施处理。详细操作说明请参阅安全数据表(SDS)。

Related Elements (Same Group 3)相关元素(同第3族)

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Compare Elements元素对比

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