Ni
Nickel is a Transition Metals element with the symbol Ni and atomic number 28. Located in period 4, group 10 (d-block), it has an atomic weight of 58.693 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1751 by Axel Fredrik Cronstedt in Sweden. Nickel has an electron configuration of [Ar] 3d⁸ 4s² with 4 electron shells containing 2, 8, 16, 2 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: stainless steel, coins, batteries, electroplating.
镍是一种过渡金属元素,符号为Ni,原子序数为28。位于第4周期,第10族(d区),原子量为58.693 u,在标准温度和压力下为固体。于1751 年首次被确认,由Axel Fredrik Cronstedt发现。镍的电子排布为[Ar] 3d⁸ 4s²,具有4个电子层,分别含有2、8、16、2个电子。常见用途包括:不锈钢,硬币,电池,电镀。
Basic Properties基本属性
- Atomic Number原子序数
- 28
- Atomic Weight原子量
- 58.693 u
- Category分类
- Transition Metals过渡金属
- State at STP标准状态
- Solid固体
- Period周期
- 4
- Group族
- 10
- Block区
- d-blockd区
Physical Properties物理性质
- Melting Point熔点
- +1455°C
- Boiling Point沸点
- +2730°C
- Density密度
- 8.91 g/cm³
- Crystal Structure晶体结构
- Face-Centered Cubic (FCC)面心立方
- Atomic Radius原子半径
- 149 pm
- Ionic Radius离子半径
- 69 pm
- Electronegativity电负性
- 1.91
Electron Configuration电子排布
- Config电子构型
- [Ar] 3d⁸ 4s²
- Shells电子层
- 2, 8, 16, 2
- Oxidation States氧化态
- +2, +3
Electron Shells电子层结构
Discovery发现历史
- Year年份
- 17511751 年
- Discoverer发现者
- Axel Fredrik Cronstedt
- Country国家
- Sweden瑞典
Uses & Applications用途
Stainless steel, coins, batteries, electroplating
不锈钢,硬币,电池,电镀
Common Compounds常见化合物
—
—
Room Temperature常温特性
silvery white
银白色
Did You Know? 你知道吗?
The name Nickel comes from Ni and it was first identified in 1751.
镍的名称来源于其符号Ni,于1751年首次被确认。
Memory Aid记忆口诀
In stainless steel and coins
硬币和不锈钢中的镍
Appearance外观
silvery white
银白色
Safety Information安全须知
- Handle with standard laboratory precautions. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed handling instructions.
- 按照标准实验室预防措施处理。详细操作说明请参阅安全数据表(SDS)。