Nickel is a Transition Metals element with the symbol Ni and atomic number 28. Located in period 4, group 10 (d-block), it has an atomic weight of 58.693 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1751 by Axel Fredrik Cronstedt in Sweden. Nickel has an electron configuration of [Ar] 3d⁸ 4s² with 4 electron shells containing 2, 8, 16, 2 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: stainless steel, coins, batteries, electroplating.

镍是一种过渡金属元素,符号为Ni,原子序数为28。位于第4周期,第10族(d区),原子量为58.693 u,在标准温度和压力下为固体。于1751 年首次被确认,由Axel Fredrik Cronstedt发现。镍的电子排布为[Ar] 3d⁸ 4s²,具有4个电子层,分别含有2、8、16、2个电子。常见用途包括:不锈钢,硬币,电池,电镀。

Basic Properties基本属性

Atomic Number原子序数
28
Atomic Weight原子量
58.693 u
Category分类
Transition Metals过渡金属
State at STP标准状态
Solid固体
Period周期
4
Group
10
Block
d-blockd区

Physical Properties物理性质

Melting Point熔点
+1455°C
Boiling Point沸点
+2730°C
Density密度
8.91 g/cm³
Crystal Structure晶体结构
Face-Centered Cubic (FCC)面心立方
Atomic Radius原子半径
149 pm
Ionic Radius离子半径
69 pm
Electronegativity电负性
1.91

Electron Configuration电子排布

Config电子构型
[Ar] 3d⁸ 4s²
Shells电子层
2, 8, 16, 2
Oxidation States氧化态
+2, +3

Electron Shells电子层结构

2e⁻
8e⁻
16e⁻
2e⁻

Discovery发现历史

Year年份
17511751 年
Discoverer发现者
Axel Fredrik Cronstedt
Country国家
Sweden瑞典

Uses & Applications用途

Stainless steel, coins, batteries, electroplating

不锈钢,硬币,电池,电镀

Common Compounds常见化合物

Room Temperature常温特性

silvery white

银白色

Did You Know? 你知道吗?

The name Nickel comes from Ni and it was first identified in 1751.

镍的名称来源于其符号Ni,于1751年首次被确认。

Memory Aid记忆口诀

In stainless steel and coins

硬币和不锈钢中的镍

Appearance外观

silvery white

银白色

Safety Information安全须知

  • Handle with standard laboratory precautions. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed handling instructions.
  • 按照标准实验室预防措施处理。详细操作说明请参阅安全数据表(SDS)。

Related Elements (Same Group 10)相关元素(同第10族)

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Compare Elements元素对比

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