Barium is a Alkaline Earth element with the symbol Ba and atomic number 56. Located in period 6, group 2 (s-block), it has an atomic weight of 137.33 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1808 by Humphry Davy in England. Barium has an electron configuration of [Xe] 6s² with 6 electron shells containing 2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: medical x-ray contrast (barium meal), fireworks (green).

钡是一种碱土金属元素,符号为Ba,原子序数为56。位于第6周期,第2族(s区),原子量为137.33 u,在标准温度和压力下为固体。于1808 年首次被确认,由Humphry Davy发现。钡的电子排布为[Xe] 6s²,具有6个电子层,分别含有2、8、18、18、8、2个电子。常见用途包括:医用X射线造影(钡餐),烟花(绿色)。

Basic Properties基本属性

Atomic Number原子序数
56
Atomic Weight原子量
137.33 u
Category分类
Alkaline Earth碱土金属
State at STP标准状态
Solid固体
Period周期
6
Group族
2
Block区
s-blocks区

Physical Properties物理性质

Melting Point熔点
+727°C
Boiling Point沸点
+1897°C
Density密度
3.59 g/cm³
Crystal Structure晶体结构
Body-Centered Cubic (BCC)体心立方
Atomic Radius原子半径
253 pm
Ionic Radius离子半径
135 pm
Electronegativity电负性
0.89

Electron Configuration电子排布

Config电子构型
[Xe] 6s²
Shells电子层
2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2
Oxidation States氧化态
+2

Electron Shells电子层结构

2e⁻
8e⁻
18e⁻
18e⁻
8e⁻
2e⁻

Discovery发现历史

Year年份
18081808 年
Discoverer发现者
Humphry Davy
Country国家
England英国

Uses & Applications用途

Medical X-ray contrast (barium meal), fireworks (green)

医用X射线造影(钡餐),烟花(绿色)

Common Compounds常见化合物

—

—

Room Temperature常温特性

silvery white

银白色

Did You Know? 你知道吗?

The name Barium comes from Ba and it was first identified in 1808.

钡的名称来源于其符号Ba,于1808年首次被确认。

Memory Aid记忆口诀

Green fireworks and X-ray imaging

钡餐检查的白色液体

Appearance外观

silvery white

银白色

Safety Information安全须知

  • Handle with standard laboratory precautions. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed handling instructions.
  • 按照标准实验室预防措施处理。详细操作说明请参阅安全数据表(SDS)。

Related Elements (Same Group 2)相关元素(同第2族)

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Compare Elements元素对比

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