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Iodine is a Halogens element with the symbol I and atomic number 53. Located in period 5, group 17 (p-block), it has an atomic weight of 126.9 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1811 by Bernard Courtois in France. Iodine has an electron configuration of [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁵ with 5 electron shells containing 2, 8, 18, 18, 7 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: disinfectant, thyroid health, photography, lcd screens.
碘是一种卤素元素,符号为I,原子序数为53。位于第5周期,第17族(p区),原子量为126.9 u,在标准温度和压力下为固体。于1811 年首次被确认,由Bernard Courtois发现。碘的电子排布为[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁵,具有5个电子层,分别含有2、8、18、18、7个电子。常见用途包括:消毒剂,甲状腺健康,摄影,LCD屏幕。
Basic Properties基本属性
- Atomic Number原子序数
- 53
- Atomic Weight原子量
- 126.9 u
- Category分类
- Halogens卤素
- State at STP标准状态
- Solid固体
- Period周期
- 5
- Group族
- 17
- Block区
- p-blockp区
Physical Properties物理性质
- Melting Point熔点
- +113.7°C
- Boiling Point沸点
- +184.3°C
- Density密度
- 4.93 g/cm³
- Crystal Structure晶体结构
- Orthorhombic正交晶系
- Atomic Radius原子半径
- 115 pm
- Ionic Radius离子半径
- 220 pm
- Electronegativity电负性
- 2.66
Electron Configuration电子排布
- Config电子构型
- [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁵
- Shells电子层
- 2, 8, 18, 18, 7
- Oxidation States氧化态
- -1, +1, +5, +7
Electron Shells电子层结构
Discovery发现历史
- Year年份
- 18111811 年
- Discoverer发现者
- Bernard Courtois
- Country国家
- France法国
Uses & Applications用途
Disinfectant, thyroid health, photography, LCD screens
消毒剂,甲状腺健康,摄影,LCD屏幕
Common Compounds常见化合物
—
—
Room Temperature常温特性
violet-black solid (purple vapor)
紫黑色固体(紫色蒸气)
Did You Know? 你知道吗?
The name Iodine comes from I and it was first identified in 1811.
碘的名称来源于其符号I,于1811年首次被确认。
Memory Aid记忆口诀
Essential for thyroid function
甲状腺健康的关键
Appearance外观
violet-black solid (purple vapor)
紫黑色固体(紫色蒸气)
Safety Information安全须知
- Highly reactive halogen gas — toxic if inhaled, causes severe burns on contact.
- 高活性卤素——吸入有毒,接触会造成严重灼伤。