N
Nitrogen is a Nonmetals element with the symbol N and atomic number 7. Located in period 2, group 15 (p-block), it has an atomic weight of 14.007 u and is classified as a gas at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1772 by Daniel Rutherford in Scotland. Nitrogen has an electron configuration of [He] 2s² 2p³ with 2 electron shells containing 2, 5 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: fertilizers, ammonia, cryogenics, food packaging.
氮是一种非金属元素,符号为N,原子序数为7。位于第2周期,第15族(p区),原子量为14.007 u,在标准温度和压力下为气体。于1772 年首次被确认,由Daniel Rutherford发现。氮的电子排布为[He] 2s² 2p³,具有2个电子层,分别含有2、5个电子。常见用途包括:肥料,氨,低温技术,食品包装。
Basic Properties基本属性
- Atomic Number原子序数
- 7
- Atomic Weight原子量
- 14.007 u
- Category分类
- Nonmetals非金属
- State at STP标准状态
- Gas气体
- Period周期
- 2
- Group族
- 15
- Block区
- p-blockp区
Physical Properties物理性质
- Melting Point熔点
- -210.1°C
- Boiling Point沸点
- -195.79°C
- Density密度
- 0.0012506 g/cm³
- Crystal Structure晶体结构
- Hexagonal六方晶系
- Atomic Radius原子半径
- 56 pm
- Ionic Radius离子半径
- 146 pm
- Electronegativity电负性
- 3.04
Electron Configuration电子排布
- Config电子构型
- [He] 2s² 2p³
- Shells电子层
- 2, 5
- Oxidation States氧化态
- -3, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5
Electron Shells电子层结构
Discovery发现历史
- Year年份
- 17721772 年
- Discoverer发现者
- Daniel Rutherford
- Country国家
- Scotland苏格兰
Uses & Applications用途
Fertilizers, ammonia, cryogenics, food packaging
肥料,氨,低温技术,食品包装
Common Compounds常见化合物
—
—
Room Temperature常温特性
colorless gas
无色气体
Did You Know? 你知道吗?
The name Nitrogen comes from N and it was first identified in 1772.
氮的名称来源于其符号N,于1772年首次被确认。
Memory Aid记忆口诀
Nitrogen makes up most of our air
空气中最多的气体
Appearance外观
colorless gas
无色气体
Safety Information安全须知
- Handle with standard laboratory precautions. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed handling instructions.
- 按照标准实验室预防措施处理。详细操作说明请参阅安全数据表(SDS)。