Neon is a Noble Gases element with the symbol Ne and atomic number 10. Located in period 2, group 18 (p-block), it has an atomic weight of 20.18 u and is classified as a gas at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1898 by William Ramsay in Scotland. Neon has an electron configuration of [He] 2s² 2p⁶ with 2 electron shells containing 2, 8 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: neon signs, high-voltage indicators, lasers.

氖是一种稀有气体元素,符号为Ne,原子序数为10。位于第2周期,第18族(p区),原子量为20.18 u,在标准温度和压力下为气体。于1898 年首次被确认,由William Ramsay发现。氖的电子排布为[He] 2s² 2p⁶,具有2个电子层,分别含有2、8个电子。常见用途包括:霓虹灯,高压指示器,激光。

Basic Properties基本属性

Atomic Number原子序数
10
Atomic Weight原子量
20.18 u
Category分类
Noble Gases稀有气体
State at STP标准状态
Gas气体
Period周期
2
Group
18
Block
p-blockp区

Physical Properties物理性质

Melting Point熔点
-248.59°C
Boiling Point沸点
-246.08°C
Density密度
0.0008999 g/cm³
Crystal Structure晶体结构
Face-Centered Cubic (FCC)面心立方
Atomic Radius原子半径
38 pm
Ionic Radius离子半径
Electronegativity电负性

Electron Configuration电子排布

Config电子构型
[He] 2s² 2p⁶
Shells电子层
2, 8
Oxidation States氧化态
0

Electron Shells电子层结构

2e⁻
8e⁻

Discovery发现历史

Year年份
18981898 年
Discoverer发现者
William Ramsay
Country国家
Scotland苏格兰

Uses & Applications用途

Neon signs, high-voltage indicators, lasers

霓虹灯,高压指示器,激光

Common Compounds常见化合物

Room Temperature常温特性

colorless gas (glows red-orange)

无色气体(通电发红橙色光)

Did You Know? 你知道吗?

The name Neon comes from Ne and it was first identified in 1898.

氖的名称来源于其符号Ne,于1898年首次被确认。

Memory Aid记忆口诀

Neon glows bright red

霓虹灯的霓

Appearance外观

colorless gas (glows red-orange)

无色气体(通电发红橙色光)

Safety Information安全须知

  • Generally inert and non-toxic. Asphyxiation risk only in confined spaces at high concentrations.
  • 通常为惰性无毒气体。仅在密闭空间高浓度时有窒息风险。

Related Elements (Same Group 18)相关元素(同第18族)

View Compare 查看对比

Compare Elements元素对比

Full View完整对比

Science Articles 元素科普文章

View all → 查看更多 →

Why Lithium Powers EV Batteries 为什么锂成为了电动汽车电池的关键元素

The chemistry and global supply chain behind the lightest metal driving the EV revolution. 最轻的金属如何驱动电动汽车革命:化学原理与全球供应链。

How Silicon Powers the Digital World 硅如何驱动现代数字世界

From beach sand to billions of transistors — how element 14 built the Information Age. 从海滩沙粒到数十亿晶体管——14号元素如何构建信息时代。

Why Helium Is More Valuable Than You Think 为什么氦比想象的更有价值

Beyond party balloons — helium's irreplaceable role in MRI, semiconductors, and space. 超越派对气球——氦在MRI、半导体和航天中不可替代的角色。