Th
Thorium is a Actinides element with the symbol Th and atomic number 90. Located in period 7 (f-block), it has an atomic weight of 232.04 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1828 by Jons Jacob Berzelius in Sweden. Thorium has an electron configuration of [Rn] 6d² 7s² with 7 electron shells containing 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 10, 2 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: nuclear fuel (potential), gas mantles, welding rods.
钍是一种锕系元素元素,符号为Th,原子序数为90。位于第7周期(f区),原子量为232.04 u,在标准温度和压力下为固体。于1828 年首次被确认,由Jons Jacob Berzelius发现。钍的电子排布为[Rn] 6d² 7s²,具有7个电子层,分别含有2、8、18、32、18、10、2个电子。常见用途包括:核燃料(潜在),煤气灯罩,焊条。
Basic Properties基本属性
- Atomic Number原子序数
- 90
- Atomic Weight原子量
- 232.04 u
- Category分类
- Actinides锕系元素
- State at STP标准状态
- Solid固体
- Period周期
- 7
- Group族
- —
- Block区
- f-blockf区
Physical Properties物理性质
- Melting Point熔点
- +1750°C
- Boiling Point沸点
- +4788°C
- Density密度
- 11.72 g/cm³
- Crystal Structure晶体结构
- Face-Centered Cubic (FCC)面心立方
- Atomic Radius原子半径
- 180 pm
- Ionic Radius离子半径
- 94 pm
- Electronegativity电负性
- 1.3
Electron Configuration电子排布
- Config电子构型
- [Rn] 6d² 7s²
- Shells电子层
- 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 10, 2
- Oxidation States氧化态
- +4
Electron Shells电子层结构
Discovery发现历史
- Year年份
- 18281828 年
- Discoverer发现者
- Jons Jacob Berzelius
- Country国家
- Sweden瑞典
Uses & Applications用途
Nuclear fuel (potential), gas mantles, welding rods
核燃料(潜在),煤气灯罩,焊条
Common Compounds常见化合物
—
—
Room Temperature常温特性
silvery white
银白色
Did You Know? 你知道吗?
The name Thorium comes from Th and it was first identified in 1828.
钍的名称来源于其符号Th,于1828年首次被确认。
Memory Aid记忆口诀
Potential future nuclear fuel
未来核燃料的选择
Appearance外观
silvery white
银白色
Safety Information安全须知
- Radioactive — handle only in licensed facilities with proper shielding.
- 放射性元素——仅在持证设施中并使用适当防护的情况下处理。