Thulium is a Lanthanides element with the symbol Tm and atomic number 69. Located in period 6 (f-block), it has an atomic weight of 168.93 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1879 by Per Teodor Cleve in Sweden. Thulium has an electron configuration of [Xe] 4f¹³ 6s² with 6 electron shells containing 2, 8, 18, 31, 8, 2 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: lasers, portable x-ray devices, research.

铥是一种镧系元素元素,符号为Tm,原子序数为69。位于第6周期(f区),原子量为168.93 u,在标准温度和压力下为固体。于1879 年首次被确认,由Per Teodor Cleve发现。铥的电子排布为[Xe] 4f¹³ 6s²,具有6个电子层,分别含有2、8、18、31、8、2个电子。常见用途包括:激光,便携X射线设备,研究。

Basic Properties基本属性

Atomic Number原子序数
69
Atomic Weight原子量
168.93 u
Category分类
Lanthanides镧系元素
State at STP标准状态
Solid固体
Period周期
6
Group
Block
f-blockf区

Physical Properties物理性质

Melting Point熔点
+1545°C
Boiling Point沸点
+1950°C
Density密度
9.32 g/cm³
Crystal Structure晶体结构
Hexagonal Close-Packed (HCP)六方密堆积
Atomic Radius原子半径
176 pm
Ionic Radius离子半径
88 pm
Electronegativity电负性
1.25

Electron Configuration电子排布

Config电子构型
[Xe] 4f¹³ 6s²
Shells电子层
2, 8, 18, 31, 8, 2
Oxidation States氧化态
+3

Electron Shells电子层结构

2e⁻
8e⁻
18e⁻
31e⁻
8e⁻
2e⁻

Discovery发现历史

Year年份
18791879 年
Discoverer发现者
Per Teodor Cleve
Country国家
Sweden瑞典

Uses & Applications用途

Lasers, portable X-ray devices, research

激光,便携X射线设备,研究

Common Compounds常见化合物

Room Temperature常温特性

silvery gray

银灰色

Did You Know? 你知道吗?

The name Thulium comes from Tm and it was first identified in 1879.

铥的名称来源于其符号Tm,于1879年首次被确认。

Memory Aid记忆口诀

Rarest of the lanthanides

最稀有的镧系元素

Appearance外观

silvery gray

银灰色

Safety Information安全须知

  • Handle with standard laboratory precautions. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed handling instructions.
  • 按照标准实验室预防措施处理。详细操作说明请参阅安全数据表(SDS)。
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