Au
Gold is a Transition Metals element with the symbol Au and atomic number 79. Located in period 6, group 11 (d-block), it has an atomic weight of 196.97 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. Known since ancient by Known to ancients. Gold has an electron configuration of [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s¹ with 6 electron shells containing 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: jewelry, electronics, investments, dentistry.
金是一种过渡金属元素，符号为Au，原子序数为79。位于第6周期，第11族（d区），原子量为196.97 u，在标准温度和压力下为固体。自古以来即为人类所知，由Known to ancients发现。金的电子排布为[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s¹，具有6个电子层，分别含有2、8、18、32、18、1个电子。常见用途包括：珠宝，电子，投资，牙科。
Basic Properties基本属性
- Atomic Number原子序数
- 79
- Atomic Weight原子量
- 196.97 u
- Category分类
- Transition Metals过渡金属
- State at STP标准状态
- Solid固体
- Period周期
- 6
- Group族
- 11
- Block区
- d-blockd区
Physical Properties物理性质
- Melting Point熔点
- +1064.18°C
- Boiling Point沸点
- +2856°C
- Density密度
- 19.28 g/cm³
- Crystal Structure晶体结构
- Face-Centered Cubic (FCC)面心立方
- Atomic Radius原子半径
- 174 pm
- Ionic Radius离子半径
- 85 pm
- Electronegativity电负性
- 2.54
Electron Configuration电子排布
- Config电子构型
- [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s¹
- Shells电子层
- 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1
- Oxidation States氧化态
- +1, +3
Electron Shells电子层结构
Discovery发现历史
- Year年份
- Ancient古代
- Discoverer发现者
- Known to ancients
- Country国家
- ——
Uses & Applications用途
Jewelry, electronics, investments, dentistry
珠宝，电子，投资，牙科
Common Compounds常见化合物
Gold rarely forms natural compounds; auric chloride (AuCl₃), potassium dicyanoaurate K[Au(CN)₂]
金很少形成天然化合物；氯化金(AuCl₃)、二氰合金酸钾K[Au(CN)₂]
Room Temperature常温特性
Dense, soft, shiny yellow metal. The most malleable metal — 1 gram can be beaten into a sheet of 1 m².
致密、柔软、闪亮的黄色金属。延展性最好的金属——1克金可打成1平方米的金箔。
Did You Know? 你知道吗？
Gold is one of the least reactive elements — it does not tarnish or rust. All the gold ever mined would fit into a cube about 22 meters on each side. It is edible and used in gourmet cuisine.
金是最不活泼的元素之一——不会氧化变色。人类历史上开采的所有黄金可装满一个边长约22米的立方体。金可食用，用于高级料理。
Memory Aid记忆口诀
The king of metals, forever shiny
永不褪色的贵金属
Appearance外观
golden yellow
金黄色
Safety Information安全须知
- Handle with standard laboratory precautions. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed handling instructions.
- 按照标准实验室预防措施处理。详细操作说明请参阅安全数据表（SDS）。