Osmium is a Transition Metals element with the symbol Os and atomic number 76. Located in period 6, group 8 (d-block), it has an atomic weight of 190.23 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1803 by Smithson Tennant in England. Osmium has an electron configuration of [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁶ 6s² with 6 electron shells containing 2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: fountain pen tips, fingerprint detection, catalysts.

锇是一种过渡金属元素,符号为Os,原子序数为76。位于第6周期,第8族(d区),原子量为190.23 u,在标准温度和压力下为固体。于1803 年首次被确认,由Smithson Tennant发现。锇的电子排布为[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁶ 6s²,具有6个电子层,分别含有2、8、18、32、14、2个电子。常见用途包括:钢笔尖,指纹检测,催化剂。

Basic Properties基本属性

Atomic Number原子序数
76
Atomic Weight原子量
190.23 u
Category分类
Transition Metals过渡金属
State at STP标准状态
Solid固体
Period周期
6
Group
8
Block
d-blockd区

Physical Properties物理性质

Melting Point熔点
+3033°C
Boiling Point沸点
+5012°C
Density密度
22.59 g/cm³
Crystal Structure晶体结构
Hexagonal Close-Packed (HCP)六方密堆积
Atomic Radius原子半径
185 pm
Ionic Radius离子半径
63 pm
Electronegativity电负性
2.2

Electron Configuration电子排布

Config电子构型
[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁶ 6s²
Shells电子层
2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2
Oxidation States氧化态
+2, +3, +4, +6, +8

Electron Shells电子层结构

2e⁻
8e⁻
18e⁻
32e⁻
14e⁻
2e⁻

Discovery发现历史

Year年份
18031803 年
Discoverer发现者
Smithson Tennant
Country国家
England英国

Uses & Applications用途

Fountain pen tips, fingerprint detection, catalysts

钢笔尖,指纹检测,催化剂

Common Compounds常见化合物

Room Temperature常温特性

bluish-white

蓝白色

Did You Know? 你知道吗?

The name Osmium comes from Os and it was first identified in 1803.

锇的名称来源于其符号Os,于1803年首次被确认。

Memory Aid记忆口诀

The densest naturally occurring element

密度最大的天然元素

Appearance外观

bluish-white

蓝白色

Safety Information安全须知

  • Handle with standard laboratory precautions. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed handling instructions.
  • 按照标准实验室预防措施处理。详细操作说明请参阅安全数据表(SDS)。

Related Elements (Same Group 8)相关元素(同第8族)

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Compare Elements元素对比

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