Neodymium is a Lanthanides element with the symbol Nd and atomic number 60. Located in period 6 (f-block), it has an atomic weight of 144.24 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1885 by Carl Auer von Welsbach in Austria. Neodymium has an electron configuration of [Xe] 4f⁴ 6s² with 6 electron shells containing 2, 8, 18, 22, 8, 2 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: super strong magnets, lasers, headphones, microphones.

钕是一种镧系元素元素,符号为Nd,原子序数为60。位于第6周期(f区),原子量为144.24 u,在标准温度和压力下为固体。于1885 年首次被确认,由Carl Auer von Welsbach发现。钕的电子排布为[Xe] 4f⁴ 6s²,具有6个电子层,分别含有2、8、18、22、8、2个电子。常见用途包括:超强磁铁,激光,耳机,麦克风。

Basic Properties基本属性

Atomic Number原子序数
60
Atomic Weight原子量
144.24 u
Category分类
Lanthanides镧系元素
State at STP标准状态
Solid固体
Period周期
6
Group
Block
f-blockf区

Physical Properties物理性质

Melting Point熔点
+1021°C
Boiling Point沸点
+3074°C
Density密度
7.01 g/cm³
Crystal Structure晶体结构
Hexagonal Close-Packed (HCP)六方密堆积
Atomic Radius原子半径
181 pm
Ionic Radius离子半径
98 pm
Electronegativity电负性
1.14

Electron Configuration电子排布

Config电子构型
[Xe] 4f⁴ 6s²
Shells电子层
2, 8, 18, 22, 8, 2
Oxidation States氧化态
+3

Electron Shells电子层结构

2e⁻
8e⁻
18e⁻
22e⁻
8e⁻
2e⁻

Discovery发现历史

Year年份
18851885 年
Discoverer发现者
Carl Auer von Welsbach
Country国家
Austria奥地利

Uses & Applications用途

Super strong magnets, lasers, headphones, microphones

超强磁铁,激光,耳机,麦克风

Common Compounds常见化合物

Room Temperature常温特性

silvery white

银白色

Did You Know? 你知道吗?

The name Neodymium comes from Nd and it was first identified in 1885.

钕的名称来源于其符号Nd,于1885年首次被确认。

Memory Aid记忆口诀

The strongest permanent magnets

最强永磁体

Appearance外观

silvery white

银白色

Safety Information安全须知

  • Handle with standard laboratory precautions. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed handling instructions.
  • 按照标准实验室预防措施处理。详细操作说明请参阅安全数据表(SDS)。
View Compare 查看对比

Compare Elements元素对比

Full View完整对比

Science Articles 元素科普文章

View all → 查看更多 →

Why Lithium Powers EV Batteries 为什么锂成为了电动汽车电池的关键元素

The chemistry and global supply chain behind the lightest metal driving the EV revolution. 最轻的金属如何驱动电动汽车革命:化学原理与全球供应链。

How Silicon Powers the Digital World 硅如何驱动现代数字世界

From beach sand to billions of transistors — how element 14 built the Information Age. 从海滩沙粒到数十亿晶体管——14号元素如何构建信息时代。

Why Helium Is More Valuable Than You Think 为什么氦比想象的更有价值

Beyond party balloons — helium's irreplaceable role in MRI, semiconductors, and space. 超越派对气球——氦在MRI、半导体和航天中不可替代的角色。