Rhodium is a Transition Metals element with the symbol Rh and atomic number 45. Located in period 5, group 9 (d-block), it has an atomic weight of 102.91 u and is classified as a solid at standard temperature and pressure. First identified in 1803 by William Hyde Wollaston in England. Rhodium has an electron configuration of [Kr] 4d⁸ 5s¹ with 5 electron shells containing 2, 8, 18, 16, 1 electrons respectively. It is commonly used in: catalytic converters, jewelry plating, sensors.

铑是一种过渡金属元素,符号为Rh,原子序数为45。位于第5周期,第9族(d区),原子量为102.91 u,在标准温度和压力下为固体。于1803 年首次被确认,由William Hyde Wollaston发现。铑的电子排布为[Kr] 4d⁸ 5s¹,具有5个电子层,分别含有2、8、18、16、1个电子。常见用途包括:催化转换器,珠宝电镀,传感器。

Basic Properties基本属性

Atomic Number原子序数
45
Atomic Weight原子量
102.91 u
Category分类
Transition Metals过渡金属
State at STP标准状态
Solid固体
Period周期
5
Group
9
Block
d-blockd区

Physical Properties物理性质

Melting Point熔点
+1964°C
Boiling Point沸点
+3695°C
Density密度
12.41 g/cm³
Crystal Structure晶体结构
Face-Centered Cubic (FCC)面心立方
Atomic Radius原子半径
173 pm
Ionic Radius离子半径
67 pm
Electronegativity电负性
2.28

Electron Configuration电子排布

Config电子构型
[Kr] 4d⁸ 5s¹
Shells电子层
2, 8, 18, 16, 1
Oxidation States氧化态
+2, +3, +4

Electron Shells电子层结构

2e⁻
8e⁻
18e⁻
16e⁻
1e⁻

Discovery发现历史

Year年份
18031803 年
Discoverer发现者
William Hyde Wollaston
Country国家
England英国

Uses & Applications用途

Catalytic converters, jewelry plating, sensors

催化转换器,珠宝电镀,传感器

Common Compounds常见化合物

Room Temperature常温特性

silvery white

银白色

Did You Know? 你知道吗?

The name Rhodium comes from Rh and it was first identified in 1803.

铑的名称来源于其符号Rh,于1803年首次被确认。

Memory Aid记忆口诀

The most expensive precious metal

比金还贵的金属

Appearance外观

silvery white

银白色

Safety Information安全须知

  • Handle with standard laboratory precautions. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed handling instructions.
  • 按照标准实验室预防措施处理。详细操作说明请参阅安全数据表(SDS)。

Related Elements (Same Group 9)相关元素(同第9族)

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Compare Elements元素对比

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